Feudalism and How It Affected Old England - 792 Words

Feudalism was a very important aspect in developing the political organization in medieval England. It was one of dominant governments used by the nobles. Feudalism was when one of the king’s noblemen would give land to a man known as a fief and give the fief people to work the land for him. These people are known as serfs. The fief would then protect the serfs from being attacked as long, as long as the serfs worked the land to provide an income for the fief. If the fief accepted the nobles offer he would have to swear his allegiance to the king. After he swore to the nobles the fief would become a vassal to the noblemen. When the fief became a vassal he would have to provide military services or any other type of service to the king. A fief could also become a noble lord and could give some of his land away to other people known as fiefs. This process would be known as subinfeudation and this could go all the way up to the king. Feudalism was pretty much the only go vernment at the time of medieval England. Feudalism came about because of the weak political groups and non-existent governments. The king would use feudalism as a way to show his power and make sure his military strength was strong. The use of this political organization slowly died out. â€Å"With an eye toward discovering the nature of the Marxists â€Å"transition from feudalism to capitalism† most of them concluded that marx was right; the old feudal aristocracy of the middle ages was gradually beingShow MoreRelatedLooking Back at the Middle Ages1485 Words   |  6 Pagestoday. One such event that has affected the politics of the Middle Ages and now was the signing of the Magna Carta. Secondly, was the Black Death (also known as the Bubonic Plague that affected the religious, social, and economic aspects. An event that affected the religious and economic aspects were the Crusades. There was also the rise of the Ottoman Empire which affected the social, political, a nd economic aspects.Finnally, there was the Hundred Years war that affected the political aspects. Read MoreTo What Extent Did Feudalism Affect the Societies in the Middle Ages?1518 Words   |  7 PagesTo what extent did feudalism affect the societies in the Middle Ages? Plan of Investigation The investigation assesses the significance of the feudal system in the middle ages. In order to evaluate the feudal system’s significance, the investigation evaluates each role of the social classes in a Middle Ages society. This includes the kings, nobles and lords, knights, and peasants and serfs. Articles and secondary sources are mostly used to evaluate the feudal system’s significance. Two of theRead MoreThe Decline of Feudalism Essay1656 Words   |  7 PagesLiterature June 2nd, 2010 The Decline of Feudalism Feudalism was based on a social structure of hierarchy. With William the Conqueror being the first king, he was named to the top of the hierarchy along with God. Everyone else was below them and had to follow their ways. This system ran systematically for years until things started to change. People were branching out from who the king made them to be. They were creating their own lives. The downfall to feudalism was caused by the Crusades, the merchantRead MoreThe Black Death : Introduction1565 Words   |  7 Pageslower class could have higher class jobs. During this time people didn’t know how to properly treat the plague. They thought that god was the cause of this and people would pray to be cured of the plague. When peoples prayers weren t answered they began to lose faith in the church which led to many other religions being strengthened. The last big change was medicine being revolutionized. People began to research how diseases were truly spread which eventuall y will lead to modern medical techniquesRead MoreIn the Wake of the Plague - Black Death Essay examples971 Words   |  4 PagesNorman F. Cantor, In the Wake of the Plague (New York: Harper Collins First Perennial edition, 2001) examines how the bubonic plague, or Black Death, affected Europe in the fourteenth century. Cantor recounts specific events in the time leading up to the plague, during the plague, and in the aftermath of the plague. He wrote the book to relate the experiences of victims and survivors and to illustrate the impact that the plague had on the government, families, religion, the social structure, andRead MoreFeudalism and Land Essay7806 Words   |  32 PagesDid the Advantages of Feudalism outweigh the disadvantages? In order to attempt to answer a question such as this we must briefly describe the Feudal system then look at the advantages of having feudalism as a system and also the disadvantages and then secondly look at the alternatives if there was no such system in place. Let us first look at the Feudal system itself. The Feudal system was introduced to England and spread throughout Britain by William the Conqueror after 1066 and the BattleRead MoreThe Political, Economic and Social Aspects of the Enlightenment1109 Words   |  5 PagesEnlightenment, also known as Age of Reason, was a cultural movement that spread through England, France, Germany, and other parts of Europe. The Enlightenment mainly focused on mathematics, science, art, philosophy, politics and literature in the 1700s. This movement took away the fear of the world and the medieval views that were placed upon the people for so many years, and it also opened their eyes to new ideas and reason. Old beliefs such as French monarchy (the privileges that were given to the FrenchRead MoreHobsbawms Theory on the General Crisis of the 17th Century2393 Words   |  10 Pagesand his theory that the 17th century crisis was the catalyst for the transition from feudal society to capitalism in Engla nd and ultimately the genesis of the industrial revolution. Hobsbawm argues that it was the crisis of the 17th century, particularly the Puritan Revolution, which enabled capitalism to escape the confines of feudalism and flourish as the dominant ‘ism in England. While it is true that the Industrial Revolution and the rise of capitalism did occur soon after the 17th century, itRead MoreThe Philosophical Point Of Humanism1733 Words   |  7 Pageswell as a cause of the growing secular view of life. Expansion of trade, growth of prosperity and luxury, and widening social contacts generated interest in worldly pleasures, in spite of formal allegiance to ascetic Christian doctrine. Men thus affected -- the humanists -- welcomed classical writers who revealed similar social values and secular attitudes. Historians are pretty much agreed on the general outlines of those mental attitudes and scholarly interests which are assembled under the rubricRead MoreWhy Did I Choose A Passage From Frankenstein?1504 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluence in the society for its later staging of horror films. Mary Shelley was a British novelist and she was best known for her novel Frankenstein or, The Modern Prometheus; this science-fiction novel was published in 1818 and it was set in 1789 in England. This novel contains serious and deep ideological consequences, in spite of Shelley’s young age at the time she wrote it. This is because it contains suppressed aspects of social, religious and metaphysical crisis in West history since French Revolution

Foundations of Human Development in the Social Environment...

Foundations of Human Development in the Social Environment BSHS 325 Foundations of Human Development in the Social Environment The foundation of human development, responds to the breakdown of its commitment to the development of attitudes and skills, which facilitate authentic personal, spiritual, and social development and the transformation throughout an individual’s life span. During an individual’s life span, the foundations of human development begin to change, as the direct result of the social environment. Contact within the social environment, such as various relationships with others, causes growth and change in human development. The understanding of culture and the importance of cultural competency are†¦show more content†¦In this era, diversity and cultural competence are extremely important to understand, regarding the foundations of human development in the social environment. Diversity can alter or affect an individual’s behavior in many ways. Diversity is considered when an individual is different, or composed of differing elements. Therefore, diversity ca n include different nationality, gender, sexual orientation, age, class, disability, gender identity, immigration status, political ideology, and religion. At any time, an individual is determined as belonging to another group, different from the majority, the individual is considered to be subject to the effects of diversity. Many children coming from different countries have a problem with language. Not being able to speak the language of the community can cause huge barriers for the children to overcome. Many parents believe that the key to a successful life and fulfillment is to get an education. These parents encourage their kids, that with an education nothing can defeat you. It is also very important for the social worker, or human service provider to be comfortable with diversity, and is culturally competent. Cross-cultured means the individual appreciates and compares the differences and the similarities of different cultures as well as their own. The general systems theory based on order, explains why the scenario is what it is. The study of social systems perspective gives the identifiedShow MoreRelatedThe Foundations of Human Development Essays799 Words   |  4 PagesThe Foundations of Human Development in the Social Environment Janice Alleyne BSHS 325 May 13, 2013 Sandra Knepp The Foundations of Human Development in the Social Environment Introduction) Human development is the biological, psychological, and social process that a human being must go through to reach full maturity. It defines who we are and how we interact with and view the environment around us. Understanding human development and how it affects an individual is an essential theme inRead MoreEarly Childhood Development : Child Welfare1640 Words   |  7 Pages Early Childhood Development Rossy Sical SWK 346 Child Welfare Professor Carew February 3, 2015 Early Childhood Development Early childhood development is a fundamental key to a full and productive life. This stage of development is not only important because of its rapid development but also because it is the foundation of children’s future cognitive, behavioral and emotional well-being. Children during this stage require love and physical and verbal stimulationRead MoreThe Processes by Which Genes and Environment Operate Together to Influence Development1597 Words   |  7 PagesThe Processes by Which Genes and Environment Operate Together to Influence Development Psychologists have argued for centuries over which has played the larger role in child development, heredity or environment. The British philosopher John Locke (1632 –1704) proposed one of the first theories in the seventeenth century. Locke believed that a child was bornRead MoreTheories Of Human Development1401 Words   |  6 PagesHuman development is an active process resulting from interactions between an individual and their environment. The processes involved in an individual’s development and overall life outcomes are complex, everchanging, and unique. Given the complexity of human development, the central tenets of my professional conceptual foundation of development include biological factors inherent in the individual, psychological influences, and social interactions. Thus, my professional perspective can best beRead MoreHuman Development Theories Essay1649 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Development Theories In addition to Freud’s psychodynamic theory there are four other human development philosophies; biological, cognitive, behavioral and systems model. Even though these theories differ they all contain the same basic assumptions. People will continue to grow. People exhibit both stability and flux as they pass through life. People are holistic, of mind body and spirit. Lastly, individual people must be understood in the context of relationships and setting (Cash White,Read MoreHannah G Through The Lens Of The Major Theoretical Perspectives1068 Words   |  5 PagesHuman development is a continuous process which occurs over the life-span of an individual. Development occurs within a social context where heredity and environmental influences are interlinked. A number of theories have contributed to our understanding of the way in which an individual can develop physically, cognitively, emotionally and socially. This paper explores the development of Hannah G through the lens of the major theoretical perspectives. The case of Hannah concentrates on her infantRead MoreAnalysis Of Eriksons Theory On Early Childhood Education1212 Words   |  5 Pagestheory on psychosocial development of human lie. He is most famous for devising the phrase â€Å"identity crisis.† Erikson was a Harvard professor although he never earned a bachelor’s degree. Erik Erikson, influenced by Frued, theory was a psychoanalytic theory of psychosocial development that included eight stages from birth to adulthood. During each stage, the person experiences a psychosocial crisis which could have a positive or negative outcome for personality development(McLeod, 2013). The differencesRead More The Interrelationship among Self, Others, and Environment1177 Words   |  5 PagesWhy do human beings behave the way they do? How do individuals form relationships with others? What components of an individual’s physiological makeup and the surrounding atmosphere affect the formation of judgments about themselves, others’, and every day events? Does one’s membership within a particular group affect his or her thoughts, emotions, and actions towards others? Is aggression the product of biology or environment? Questions such as this form the foundation of social psychology, a fieldRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibilities Essay1603 Words   |  7 PagesOn September 13, 1970, Milton Friedman wrote and article, Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its Profits. One of Milton’s theories suggested that the only legitimate incentive for a corporation to exist is to maximize its profits with its shareholders. As companies progress over time, so does the reason for the company existence. â€Å"What makes a stake holder?† Isabel Hilton (GE Stakeholders 2009) â€Å"What makes a stake holder? If you take a broad view of business then almost anyone whoRead MoreSociological Foundation of Education1734 Words   |  7 PagesA short paper on Sociological Foundation of Education -By Gopi Chandra Upreti M. Phil. Development Studies, KUSOED Kathmandu, Nepal. Introduction Education is a process of learning. It is a kind of method to get knowledge in human life. As John Dewey said education ‘brings out all capabilities’ of human beings. It helps us to live our life independently. Accordingly, Socrates said that education has taken out our ideas from ‘innate capabilities’ so that we can know everything of the world. Education

Princess Theatre Essay Example For Students

Princess Theatre Essay They are a wealthy midlands family. He is a straight talking detective.  One minute they are having a family celebration the next, their cosy world is torn apart. Who is the mysterious stranger and where will he strike next?  An Inspector Calls has the audience guessing from the outset.  Lilly Page plays Sheila Birling, a spoilt excitable young girl who breaks free of convention. Fredric Wood is Arthur Birling, a gritty factory boss who stands no nonsense. Damian Darke is brilliant as the Inspector who appears one night and changes their life forever.  SMUG:  Lilly Page as Sheila  Fredric Wood as  Mr Birling  The play is set in 1912 on the night that the Titanic sank. In those days society was divided into rich and poor. The rich enjoyed a luxurious lifestyle with well furnished large homes, elegant clothes, servants, and the time to enjoy expensive hobbies and a good social life. However many people were poor and lived in small, cramped, and unsanitary conditions. They worked long hours for low pay. In those days there was no government help such as unemployment benefit and the National Health Service. Disadvantaged people had no right to assistance from the government. They had to apply for help from a charity committee who decide if they were a deserving case. This must have been humiliating as the applicants were made to feel as if they were begging. In those days rules of society were very strict. People were bound by social conventions and the classes could not mix. The play was written and first performed in 1945. In years between when the play was set and when it was written a lot had happened. There had been two world wars and a worldwide economic depression in the 1930s. In the second world war people came together to fight the common enemy. This led to a mixing of social classes and the sexes, and a breaking down of the usual conventions. The rationing of food and clothes meant that everybody was treated the same. It didnt matter if you were rich, you could only buy these items if you had enough coupons. People from different classes worked together in the forces. Working class children from the big cities were evacuated to the countryside and experienced a different way of life. The war brought people together.  The Birlings live in Brumley, an industrial city in the North Midlands. Arthur Birling is a factory owner and self made man. Sybil Birling is a cold woman and is her husbands social superior. Sheila Birling is young, pretty and was brought up to behave in a suitable manner. Her brother, Eric Birling, is irresponsible and immature. Gerald Croft is a well-bred traditionalist. SINISTER: Damian Darke as the inspector  Mr Birling is a self-made business man described in the stage directions as pompous. It is clear from the start that he only cares about making money and looking after his family. His only business interest is to get lower costs and higher prices.  Eva Smith encouraged other workers to go on strike for higher pay and she was sacked for standing up to Mr Birling. J.B. Priestly makes it apparent that he is an ignorant fool because he is certain that he is always right. However, when he lectures Eric and Gerald he says things like; The Titanic is unsinkable, there wont be any more wars and there wont be any more labour agitations. This is ironic and the audience would know that the Titanic had sunk, there had been two world wars and there had been a general strike and the rise of the labour party. He shows no remorse for Eva Smiths death and after the Inspector is exposed as a fake he wants to pretend that nothing has happened and things can return to the way they were before. Mr Birling is callous when he suggests to Sheila that they will have a good laugh over it yet.  Sheila had Eva Smith sacked from Milwards shop because she thought that Eva was laughing at her. Unlike Mr Birling, Sheila is sorry for, and ashamed of, her actions. The events of the evening have changed Sheilas outlook on life. .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710 , .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710 .postImageUrl , .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710 , .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710:hover , .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710:visited , .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710:active { border:0!important; } .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710:active , .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710 .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u42cffe6c8b6da21cffc27c0df9c39710:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Royal Court Theatre EssayAt the beginning of the play Sheila is pampered, spoilt and very pleased with life. Sheila is protected from the harsh realities of life and is kept under her mothers wing. As the play progresses, Sheila becomes aware of herself and is sure about her own opinions. At the end of the play, Sheila has become so perceptive that she acts like the Inspector. She asks lots of questions and even orders her father not to interfere. The fact that Sheila and Mr Birling are from different generations is significant. J.B Priestly shows the older generation as being stuck in their ways and looks towards the younger generation to change the future. The Inspector speaks with authority and a strong moral tone. He uses emotive language. A normal Police Inspector would have said that Eva Smith had committed suicide by drinking poison, whereas Inspector Goole describes her as now lying with a burnt-out inside on a slab.  His role is to piece together the story of Eva Smith as he speaks to the family. Up to the point when a phone call reveals that Inspector Goole isnt a Police Officer the play is like an ordinary detective story. After the phone call the Birlings and the audience realise that it is themselves and their morals that are being inspected.  The Inspector comes into the play at the point where the Birlings are having a family celebration and are very pleased with themselves.

Are Science and Religion in Conflict free essay sample

Indeed,a conflict does exist between science and religion however the conflict is based on the lack of acceptance and vast misconceptions which members of either side are unwilling to let go of. The conflict between science and religion exists because there is a lack of congruence between the results achieved through scientific discovery and the beliefs required by a religion to follow. This has led to the formation of two extremes i. e. either accept faith and the doctrines required by faith to be observed or accept the rational methodologies of science. In an article published by â€Å"The Atlantic†, the author is of the opinion that solving the riddle that creates the conflict between science and religion is of utmost importance for the current generation. This is because of the reason that these two schools of thought are the most influential forces and guide the way we live our lives (Alfred). Science and religion since their inception have been in a state of continuous development. However this development has been in the opposite direction i. e. nitially science studied the literature provided by religion however with the development of scientific research, certain religious concepts remained unproven because they were considered â€Å"Abstract† by science. This has led to people accepting one side to be true and the other false (Alfred). There is a conflict between science and religion however this is because of the fact that people are hesitant to study both and stick to one side. This has led to the permanent housing of misconceptions in the minds of people and is adding fuel to the fire i. e. increasing the conflict between the two ways of life. The major reason behind the conflict between science and religion is the lack of acceptance of conclusions reached by either science or religion regarding a particular matter. If science put more light on the topic under discussion, religious scholars would deny those facts based on the grounds that the research is â€Å"blasphemous† and contradicts basic religious principles. An article by the â€Å"Times† magazine states the Christian Church and other religions including Islam focus on key aspects of human creation such as the possession of a soul by every human being or the miracles performed by saints and â€Å"Men of God†. Science however focuses on new ways of quantifying and measuring human evolution; both the concepts create a conflict (Dan, 2006). Science has been able to prove the physical existence of emotions such as passion, anger by locating it in different parts of the brain. This contradicts with the principle followed by most religions regarding the presence of a soul in every human and how that soul is free from bodily functions etc. However acceptance of this is denied by religious scholars based on the grounds that the concept of the Afterlife is fundamental to most religions and the concept of the soul is greatly in congruence with the Afterlife (Dan, 2006). Scientific research should not be viewed as a threat to the fundamentals of a religion rather the studies should be perceived as being insightful i. e. the research further clarifies religious concepts rather than denouncing them. There are certain driving factors that govern the existence and acceptance of the conflict between science and religion. Upbringing, Education and Social behavior are some of the factors that lead to people in both the scientific and religious communities to accept that there indeed is a rift between science and religion. In an article by Elaine Howard of Rice University and Jerry Z. Park of Baylor University, they provided the results of a study they carried out which involved the selection of 21 American scientists who were considered to be among the elite of the time. They studied their attitude towards religion and deduced that all scientists i. e. hether a naturalist or social scientist, have different levels of acceptance towards the conflict that exists between science and religion. The acceptance is affected by their culture and extent of religious practice (Ecklundamp; Park, 2009). Since everyone needs something to believe in, scientists who do not belong to a strict religious background readily accept the conflict since they have devoted their life to one particular school of thought. This pe rception is formed after extensive research based on rational thinking and seeking proof of everything which makes scientists so skeptical about religious beliefs. Among scientists however there is a lack of acceptance towards a religion even if he/she is a believer. This is because of the perceived pressure they would receive if their peers in the scientific community were to discover this fact (Elaine, 2010). The only way to resolve the conflict is to accept religious diversity as well as the free discussion of scientific concepts without being judged as being blasphemous. It is through this open discussion that the misunderstandings that exist between scholars of both extremes be cleared. The ways the scientific concepts are taught in schools are one of the major causes of the conflict. Since the teachers do not have clear knowledge and understanding of the scientific concepts, they pass on inadequate information to the students attending. In an article named â€Å"First Year College Students’ Conflict with Religion and Science† issued by the Georgia State University, the author tells us that it is in the human nature to perceive oneself to be better than the rest. The general public tends to interpret and create their own perceptions regarding scientific concepts and religious beliefs. The self-interpretations lead to misconceptions which are major cause of the rift that exists between science and religion (Martin, 2008). The schools and teachers within those schools teach in a manner that fixes and restricts the brain of the student to think beyond what is thought. The rigid concepts become permanent with the passage of time which leads to the rejection of anything other than the closely held concepts. Science and religion develop over time, sometimes even complimenting each other. If a clear understanding of the advancements would not be obtained, there would always be room for misinterpretations. Therefore to remove the conflict at an elementary stage, teachers should encourage students to interpret scientific research however they should know what is right and what is not in order to correct the misconceptions when they arise. An Evangelist is a person who preaches faith based on his or her own perception about the beliefs fundamental to the faith. Christian evangelists have always been skeptical towards scientific concepts as well as theological theories about the creation of the world. Amos Yong carried out an analysis of various literary works related to the explanation of the conflict paradigm between science and religion. The findings were summarized in the article named â€Å"Science and Religion: Introducing the Issues, Entering the Debates – A review essay† and focused primarily on discovering ways to align the methods of the church with scientific methodologies (Yong, 2011). The study identified various conceptual frameworks that could be adopted which would align the thought process of the evangelist with scientific methodologies. Other measures that could be adopted include targeting the people lower in the hierarchy at the church. These people could be taught the concepts of science and how science can better explain religion (Yong, 2011). The only way to resolve the conflict that exists for evangelists is to align their religious beliefs with rational scientific methods. Since an evangelist is a strict believer in faith, the beliefs would always be fundamental however better scientific knowledge can help bridge the differences. Science is based on methods and the rationale behind every phenomenon. Religion however on the other hand requires the believer to keep faith in the fundamental principles. Both present a different picture of the same thing and it is this difference in perception that has developed a conflict between science and religion. Science and Religion are two sides of the same coin. These two schools of thoughts add to each other rather than diverging. Religious concepts such as morality can be better understood through scientific research which helps understand and adhere to religion better. There is a connection of knowledge between science and religion which if strengthened is in the favor of the future of the human race. Science and religion have a point where the two schools of thoughts converge. One of the points is quality of being spiritual. Although scientists work on the basis of rationality, they still have a spiritual side which allows them to keep faith while exploring the horizons of science and reasoning. In an article titled â€Å"Science vs. Religion: What Scientists Really Think†, the author Elaine Ecklund states that even atheists have a certain level of spirituality within them. The spirituality may not necessarily be associated with keeping faith however there is a curiosity regarding the origination and formation of our plant and existence (Elaine, 2010). The spiritual side within scientists is promoted by their upbringing and education. The spiritual side makes them interested in religious beliefs. Through their scientific approach and belief in religious concepts, it makes it easier for them to focus on scientific research and proving religious concepts to be accurate (Elaine, 2010). Therefore spirituality leads to a better scientific reasoning approach to be adopted. Through religious involvement scientific research can be refined and complex questions can be answered. Morality and reality go hand in hand. Morality is the set of values and attitudes that are generally acceptable by a particular society for a particular moment in time. Religion requires a greater focus on displaying moral behavior. Morality can be better displayed by understanding reality and how it is affected by moral thinking. Morality is required by religion whereas reality is explained by science proving that there is a deeper link rather than a conflict. Through scientific reasoning we are able to deduce the right way to behave in a society. These studies can help assess what moral behavior is. The article â€Å"Religion vs. Science† outlines the scientific efforts to better understand moral behavior which helps us adhere to religious principles in a better way (Honner, 1994). Science is able to study all factors that affect behavior including societal norms, environmental conditions and personal feelings. By quantifying morality, we are able to develop a better understanding of what constitutes morality. This indicates that the relationship between science and religion is one of clarification rather than a source of conflict (Honner, 1994). Therefore rather than thinking about a conflict being in existence, we should follow the results of scientific research and studies to better clarify religious beliefs. Through scientific research we are able to uncover and understand the abstract concepts that religion defines. Queries about our existence can be answered by a careful examination of religious concepts complimented with a thorough scientific analysis. In an article name God, creation, science, religion: the conflicts by Tom Chivers, the author tells us that scientist in order to deduce the actual age of the Earth moved to religious transcripts appearing in the Bible. Although the Bible did not provide dates however did contain information on the characteristics of the people at the time. This was a major input in the scientific breakthrough (Tom, 2009). The scientific declarations cannot be denied as they have been institutional to the development of the knowledge and understanding regarding the universe. By further considering the importance of religion we would come across certain questions that have been yet to be answered by scientific research. Through this connection we can uncover various mysteries concerning the universe and everything within it (Tom, 2009). People should develop a thorough understanding of the concepts of both extremes. Through this understanding we would be able to develop a much better connection between science and religion and resolve all mysteries which would give us a better understanding of who we are and why we exist. Referring to the first counter argument, it states that science and religion converge because a level of spirituality exists between the followers of the two extremes. The argument is refuted by the original thesis stating that although the spiritual level does exist however this would not lead to the convergence of ideas arising within the two schools of thoughts. The reason behind it is the fact that there is a lack of acceptance of conclusions by scholars of both the extremes leading to a never ending conflict. Referring to the second counter argument, it states that science and religion add to each other in way that science leads to a better understanding of moral behavior which is a pre-requisite for religious believers. However the original thesis refutes this argument by saying that although the concepts add to each other however there are vast misconceptions in the minds of the followers of both science and religion. These misconceptions come in the middle and cause the conflict to extend rather than reaching a resolution point. Referring to the final counter argument, it states that there is no conflict between the fields because religious beliefs and knowledge acts as a basis of scientific research and discovery. This argument is challenged by the original thesis in a manner that although this can be the case however people classify themselves as being either religious or scientific. Due to this classification, the connection between science and religion cannot be established.

War Essay Research Paper The Frequency of free essay sample

War Essay, Research Paper The Frequency of Armed International Conflict In the twentieth Century In 1962 there was a struggle between three states so inexorable their actions could hold affected the full universe. The Cuban missile crisis of 1962 was a really tense minute in history ; these states were about at the threshold of atomic warfare. This is one of many armed international struggles in the twentieth century. Another name more normally recognized for these struggles is war, which means differences between two authoritiess or more. What causes states to contend amongst each other endangering lives and put on the lining their ain every bit good? The immediate causes behind armed international struggles are land A ; demand of natural resources, spiritual beliefs, patriotism, and economic sciences. History has taught us that many conflicts have been fought over land and demand for natural resources. It is the footing of supply and demand, but the method used in order to run into equilibrium is more aggressive. We will write a custom essay sample on War Essay Research Paper The Frequency of or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For illustration a state is really overpopulated and the people are enduring because there is a deficiency of resources. The adjacent state has a low population and they have a big excess. The utmost step is that they will be taken over by a state in demand or they will contend to support themselves. Religious struggles are really common and they range in differences such as land or difference in beliefs. Many battle over land they believe it is sacred to their faith because it is a historical memorial back uping their beliefs or of great significance. Peoples are really loyal towards their fatherland and believe that it is superior towards opposing states. Chauvinistic behaviour can run from a simple citizen would pays revenue enhancements and back up his state to a individual who is willing to bring down devastation in order to assist his state prosper even decease for them. Economicss is really big inducement in international struggles because money is really of import to every s tate. Many fight everyday merely because of economic issues such as land that has a really high value and much more. The most important of all the causes that steer towards international struggle are spiritual beliefs, patriotism, and economic sciences. Religious beliefs is of great importance because is has been the cause of many struggles in the yesteryear and it is in the present. Religious beliefs during International struggles have been the root to mass persecution and Acts of the Apostless of terrorist act. A primary illustration of this is the uninterrupted battle between the people of Palestine who are chiefly Muslim and Israel who are chiefly Jews. Both states have been contending with each other over lands that they both claim to be really sacred to their ain faith. They have both used military power to contend for this of import country and even the people of both states have gone farther to contend in the streets throwing rocks at soldiers armed with guns. They believe in what they are making and are willing to decease for it. Nationalism is the publicity and accent of one state and civ ilization. This is non needfully a bad thing but it can really easy acquire out of control to t he point where it is unsafe. In 1933 the Nazi Regime came to power in Germany lead by Adolph Hitler. He believed that the Aryan race was superior and that other cultural groups were bridling the success of their state. He believed that these people should be done off with this term was called cultural cleaning. At the clip there was a heavy population of Jews in Europe. They remained in panic from about 1933 to 1944 while Hitler was in power and he spread about all cross Europe. Under his power 1000000s of Jews were slaughtered in both work and decease cantonments. One of the most of import of all causes of international struggles is economic sciences. Many have fought over land that is of value because money affairs in life. In the beginning on the twentieth century Britain concluded a war with the Orange free States called the Boer War. Britain had settled settlements on the most southern tip of Africa now Cape Cod and after sometime Britain stopped back uping them and left. Right after the release of the settlement big measures of gold and diamonds were discovered. Britain tried to merely restart control of the settlement but the people fought back. The War lasted for 4 old ages until it ended go forthing Britain the master. During the war Britain made loans to maintain the war traveling, because they believed that if they win it would pay off in the long tally. The British would hold neer taken interested had non these stuffs been discovered in those settlements. A more recent illustration was Operation Dessert Storm when Iraq invaded Kuwait, a topographic point that? s economic system is based on oil. Iraq, lead by Saddam Hussein wanted to distribute their power pickings over other adjacent states. Many states formed an confederation that fought in the defence of Kuwait halting Iraq? s progress. Some argue that the purpose of the confederation was to help Kuwait and halt Iraq but some contend it was all about oil. The part of the Middle East is good known for its excessi ve sum of oil, which is one of the most of import natural resource to us today. When Iraq invaded Kuwait they financially endangered many states who depend on oil within that country. The ultimate cause to the frequence of armed international struggle in the twentieth century is human nature. It is human nature for adult male to contend against adult male particularly if he feels threatened or if is the lone manner to last. In human nature if a individual is push beyond logical concluding such as speaking about things he alternatively respond in a manner that is beyond his control. When watching the intelligence you can see people in Palestine throwing stones at soldiers who are armed with guns and they know they are no lucifer. They are contending and killing over something that is of spiritual value to both of them. In all faith it teaches you to love thy neighbour but that is non even recognized by the people contending. They are so determined to predominate that they are willing to kill or be killed in the procedure. Armed international struggles in the twentieth century are caused by demand for land A ; natural resources, spiritual beliefs, patriotism, and economic sciences. But it is finally caused by human nature within us.

Parts of a Book 101 the Master Guide to Front and Back Matter

Parts of a Book 101 the Master Guide to Front and Back Matter Parts of a Book Explained: Front Matter, Body, and Back Matter Beyond just polishing the story or contents of your nonfiction book itself, getting ready for publication involves preparing several different parts of a book - including the front matter and back matter. If you haven’t come across the terms before, don’t be intimidated! They simply refer to the first and last sections of your book: the bits that make it an â€Å"official† book, and not just chapters printed on bound paper.In this post, we’ll pull out our microscopes and zero in on this anatomy of a book - covering what vital components should be included in the front, body, and back matter, and how you can create them all using our free formatting tool.What makes up the different parts of a book?For a visual aid, we suggest you pull a random book down from the shelf and open it up. You can follow along and see how front and back matter are always arranged the same way. The order of these pages does matter (pun intended), so these parts require a little extra attention. Is there anything else you would like to know about the parts of the book or the logistics of self-publishing? Leave a comment in the box below and we'll do our best to answer your questions.

MGR #5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MGR #5 - Essay Example Willard covers some of the main subjects of the spiritual life. From Willard’s reading, the paper draws some of the major takeaways through presenting thoughts on readings that made a significant impression. I realized that solitude according to Willard is the full abstinence from interaction with other people and denying ourselves companionship and everything that comes from our conscious interaction with other people. According to me, this was rather demanding to a Christian. As much as one needs time in solitude with God, going to a harsh condition such as the desert, wilderness, and the ocean may not be a better option. It is because it fails to promote our social interaction with man. I find it conflicting as God commands us to interact fruitfully with fellow men, and this is the instruction that solitude limits. Additionally, I appreciated that submission, as a discipline of engagement, is the highest level of fellowship. It sustains humility, transparency and complete submission during restitution and confession. I concur with Willard’s thoughts on this discipline. It is because if one submits to a high-level authority he or she indicates that he respects his power. However, people must take care to avoid the misuse of this privilege in making young people submit to

Discussion board Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 8

Discussion board - Essay Example Factors such as socio-emotional, cultural, personality, family background and learning environment are some of those that can largely change a learner’s attitude towards education. A study done in South Australia as reported by Hattie, indicated that learning is much more pleasurable when the social upbringing of a child is effective and enriched such that values, social skills, confidence and self-esteem among other are built early enough through right healthy nurturing. As the school system emphasizes the spirit of responsibility, the family socialization puts a strong foundation to it such that when these children go to school these virtues automatically synchronize without much struggle. It is worth pointing out that humans need to be reinforced to make most of the moves in the real world contrary to Willingham’s conception that they are naturally predisposed to automatic functioning. It is my stance that not all learners hate school or that they undergo through the process through coercion. It is, however, notable that owing to above-mentioned factors, a child may develop hatred for education. Scientific research has proved that to hold that all students hate school is a flawed premise as there are clear

Wl-Mrt Expnsion to Chinese mrket Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Wl-Mrt Expnsion to Chinese mrket - Assignment Example The choice of the mrket entry will depend on mny fctors such s politicl, economic, technologicl, nd socio-culturl. With this in mind, the reserch discusses ech of those fctors while conducting PEST nlysis. Expnsion to Chin is gret opportunity for Wl-Mrt to gin profits nd dditionl mrket shre on the world mrket of retil. Opertion in Chin brings $1 billion in sles nnully. It is through Wl-Mrt Chin's 46 stores tht result in 450,000 trnsctions dy tht such high profit is possible (Hoopes, 2006). Expnsion into Chin is n opportunity tht Wl-Mrt cn not fford to miss. Chinese mrket is one of the biggest in the world nd the need to expnd beyond its 46 stores is logicl strtegic step the Wl-Mrt should undertke. Strong competition with Crrefour, the biggest retil in Frnce nd second biggest retil store in the world, is thret for the compny to stop being the first on the mrket. The need to expnd to Chin is wy to sty the leder in the world mrket s it hs been for long time of the retil store history. Wl-Mrt is excited bout Chin becuse it considers the size of the economy of this country, t the consistent growth over 20 yers, nd t the increse in individul nd fmily income nd spending power. s Beth Keck, Wl-Mrt director of interntionl corporte ffirs, sid in n interview. "In the lst 10 yers, you've seen the development of [forml] retil. So it's gret opportunity" (Nelson, 2006). By contrst to the second lrgest supermrket in the world, Crrefour, Wl-Mrt is Chin's 19th-lrgest retiler. Wl-Mrt Chin's SuperCenters lg their U.S. counterprts in revenues, generting on verge $35 million nnully, compred with $80 million to $120 million in the U.S. So there re lot of opportunities to expnd to Chinese mrket, more of which will be discussed lter in this pper long with mrketing nlysis of the compny (Hoopes, 2006). II. SWOT nlysis This nlysis is wy of looking t the Wl-Mrt s business, where the strengths nd weknesses of the orgnistion cn be contrsted with the threts nd opportunities of the outside business environment. The identifiction of the mjority of the SWOT fctors re intended to be derived through the erlier use of PEST nlysis s prt of the overll situtionl nlysis process. Tble1 SWOT nlysis Internl Strengths Weknesses Good loction of stores Trined stuff to operte the stores Estimted rise of revenues Chep lbor costs on Chinese mrket Good service nd employee pckge Very low number of trnsctions on the comprtively lrge territory Shky infrstructure in mny plces Development of rods, wter nd sewge brely keeps up in cities exploding with growth. Externl Opportunities Threts Further expnsion into Chinese mrket Possibilities of high benefits from Chinese mrket Mintining the growth on Chinese mrket Intensive competition from Frnce's Crrefour Competition from locl supermrkets Gtrengths Good loction of stores Wal-Mart China has a very good location t 12 Fenghung Rod which is in the hert of Shenzhen, Chin. Here people come just for a walk, a meeting at the corner restaurant or to see a movie in the cinema located not far. In this neighborhood of high-rise prtments, most customers rrive on foot or by bicycle. bout 12,000 shoppers visit this SuperCenter ech dy,

Project Management for Business Charity Race

Project Management for Business Charity Race 1. Introduction In this individual project management assignment, I have been appointed a project manager in charge of organizing and planning a project for StarHub company. StarHub company is going to have a fund raising event for a charity organization in Singapore by organizing a half marathon race of 13.1 miles distance (about 21 km). This is to raise money for the nursing home in Singapore and as well as to improve the health concern of their employees. Maintaining employee fitness for the job they do is one of the important functions of an occupational health services. A healthy employee and fund raising for nursing home will help to improve StarHub image to their customers and the employee health should be a matter of concern from the time before an employee starts work with the organization up until the employee leaves or retires. This event also open to public and will attract total of 2000 people to take part of this found raising event. 2. Project scope statement The purpose of the project scope statement is to document the project objectives, deliverables, and the work required to produce the deliverables so that it can be used to direct the project team’s work and a basis for future project decisions. 2.1 Project objective The objective must be clearly defined and agreed upon by the customer and the organization or contractor that will perform the project. To prepare StarHub employees for the half marathon run on June 22, 2014, starting on April 20th, 2014. To raise money by collecting either $200, $300 or $500 dollars in the choice of individual participant for the nursing home in order to help the elderly people a better living and a better care. Range goals: All participants must complete the training within 2 months and complete the actual run within 2 hour 30 minutes. 2.2 Deliverables It is Project management stage or final deliverable. It is to complete a process, phase or project must be delivered any unique, verifiable results or the ability to provide services. Running participants body mass index of 22. Running participants resting heart rate of 60. To complete the configuration of sports drinks. The completion of the number of people to plan and work. To complete the configuration registration. 2.3 Milestones Milestones are useful tools for setting schedule goals and monitoring progress, and project sponsors and senior managers often focus on major milestones when reviewing projects. Pass physical test Run 3 miles April 27, 2014 Run 6 miles May 11, 2014 Run 9 miles May 25, 2014 Finish practice half marathon under two and the half hours June 8, 2014 2.4 Technical requirements Technical requirements follow functional requirements. After clearly defining functional requirements for your event, you and your team can develop the related technical requirements to ensure proper performance. Check if you have your essential race items with you. Must have 7 hours of sleep and hydrate yourself. Running gear. Must not cause injury to participant. Must have the safety assistants to guard the participants in the run. The result will be released on the official website within 24 hours of the race cut-off time. 2.5 Limits and exclusions The limits and exclusions should be well defined. Failure can lead to false expectation and to expending resources and time on the wrong problem. Training limited to Friday and Saturday. Do not bring any valuable items that you do not need in the event. Arrive at least half an hour ahead of your flag-off time for warm up. All sports drinks only in accordance with the list on the list, there is no special drinks or alcohol drinks. Participants who are feeling unwell in either practice or the actual day in the event are not allow to participate in the run. 3. Establish project priorities Constrain A parameter is a fixed requirement. Enhance Optimizing a parameter over others. Accept Reducing (or not meeting) a parameter requirement. Based on the case facts, we can identify the above priority matrix. The above priority matrix states that the time is an enhance, performance should be constrain and cost should be accepted as it is. The priority matrix helps the project managers in the decision making at any stage of the project. The justification of the assignment of the above priority is given in below. It is clearly given in the case that the prime objective or goal of the project is raise as much money for the charity. A success of the event will be a proudest thing for the StarHub company as the event displays the image of the StarHub and the contribution to elderly people. So, it is very important to concentrate on the performance and design the event to attract more people to participate in the run and donation to the charity. So, in the priority matrix, performance is given the priority as it should be constrained. The preparation of the run should complete before the actual event starts. The project must meet the completion date, specifications and scope of the project. The actual run is starting after two months from April 2014. So, time is a enchaned means adding value to the project due to the unexpected situation. The last dimension for the decision making is the cost of the project. The cost of the project should be accepted whatever it comes as the benefits to the nursi ng home and the image of the company is much higher than the cost of the project. These benefits can only be achieved by high performance and more StarHub employees take part in this event and completion of the project on time. 4. Create the work Breakdown Structure A work breakdown structure (WBS) is a scope management document used to decompose project scope components into smaller, more manageable or work packages. The WBS helps identify the major deliverables of the project. In this work breakdown structure, there are seven major deliverables: Speaker Speakers are important to motivate and energize the group of participants in a run long journey. A good speaker will pause whilst the distraction exists and will motivate the runners and keep the atmosphere of the event more exciting. Venue Venue preparation is important in the run. First, identify what the project team require in terms of the venue, which will vary depending on the running event. The event is located outside, running routes around to find the best safety and range of facilities (toilets or water points for runners) in your local area. Sports Drinks Sports drinks is important in the event. In the form of a sports drink, it can help to maintain performance during a distance run. Gatorade sports drink is so nice that it can prevent dehydration in the run and the Vitamin water can keeps up runners metabolism and makes them have more energy to run a lot faster. Registration The registration process is important because without it you could be employing or providing a service to someone who does not meet your bespoke criteria. The registration will help to check the health of the participants and use the information to estimate how much money they can collect for charity and how many drinks they need to provide. Safety Safety planning is important in the run. It is to make sure the participants are fit enough to take part in the event and to guard their safety throughout the events by planting safety sign boards to alert them danger area. Value Value is important in this event, such an estimation of the total numbers of trash bags, dustbins and bag of ice in the event in order to prevent wastage of resources. Gift them a finisher t-shirts to congrats them after their run. Team Team is important to know their role in the event in order to run the event smoothly and safely. Leaders need to make sure that executive team members know what the leader expects from the team. Such as cleaner, to clean up the mess after the event ended, keep the area clean. 5. Estimation of project costs S/N Task/Work Packages Quantity Unit Cost Total Cost 1 PA speakers 6 $200 $1,200 2 Microphone 5 $50 $250 3 Queenstown Stadium 1 $1000 $1,000 4 East Coast park 1 $2000 $2,000 5 F1 Pit Building 1 $4000 $4,000 6 Gatorade 1000 $2 $2,000 7 100PLUS 2000 $0.50 $1,000 8 Vitamin Water 1500 $1 $1,500 9 B-Tag system 1 $1000 $1,000 10 Register applicants form 2000 $0.50 $1,000 11 Runner B-tag 2000 $2 $4,000 12 Safety signboard 5 $100 $500 13 Direction arrow 20 $20 $400 14 Water-points 6 $300 $1,800 15 Finisher t-shirt 2000 $10 $2,000 16 Shuttle bus 20 $100 $2,000 17 Trash bags and dustbins 30 $20 $600 18 Safety officers 10 $200 $2,000 19 Photographer 4 $150 $600 20 Cleaner 30 $70 $2,100 Grand Total $29,950 8.0 Project Risk Management Step1: Risk Identification There is a technology risk in the event. No technology can spec the health of runners and to check whether they are ready for the race or has being hydrated before the race. Technology could not check the number hours of sleep in each participants and could not force them to do warm up before the run. Participants has to be honest and take responsibility on their own health and safety. There is also management risk in the event because every runner have their own habit of running. It is hard to manage every runners to know how to alternate muscle tension and relaxation for maximum economy of movement. They run in an upright position, their eyes focused ahead; their shoulders are relaxed and their arms move parallel to the body to make breathing and leg motion easier in order to complete the run. Step 2: Risk Assessment Thus, we see that risk assessment can be broadly defined as the methodology that predicts the nominal likelihood of numerous unwanted events. Serious risk to people can run a gamut of mad-made and natural causes. Man-made causes include car accident on the event or heavy rain which affect the emotion of the runner and have to postpone to other day. This may affect the arrangement of the management team and participants. Step 3: Risk Response Development Every participants must take part in training session covers a distance that is greater the distance you will have to cover for the sport in the actual run. Over-distance training gives you confidence because you know you have the ability to cover more than the distance required. It puts the emphasis on the heart and lungs rather than the muscles, but if would also be beneficial if your effort came from large groupings of muscle rather than a few individual muscles. Providing it is undertaken at an easy pace, over-distance training carries a low risk of injury because participants will get use to the run and understand the important safety of the run such as warm up and hydrate yourself. 9.0 Project Performance measurement Evaluation Project progress and performance analysis based on ‘earned value’ concepts integrate cost and schedule on a structured and personalized basis. With earned value analysis there are three elements of data required to analysis performance, which are: Budgeted cost scheduled up to the time of measurement. Actual cost at the time of measurement. Corresponding earned value. The total earned value of the work completed at the time of measurement is then based on the budgeted value of all these completed segments of work, plus an estimate to allow for active work in progress. 10.0 Project closure Wrap-up Closure Checklist Project frame work Project Title A fund raising for charity organization Project Description StarHub company is going to have a fund raising event for a charity organization. This is to raise money for the nursing home in Singapore and as well as to improve the health concern of their employees. Maintaining employee fitness for the job they do is one of the important functions of an occupational health services. A healthy employee and fund raising for nursing home will help to improve StarHub image to their customers. This event also open to public and will attract total of 2000 people. Begin date: 20/04/2014 End Date: 22/06/2014 Project objective To prepare participants fit enough to run. To raise money for the nursing home. All participants must complete the actual run within 2 hour 30 minutes. Deliverables Running participants body mass index of 22. Running participants resting heart rate of 60. To complete the configuration of sports drinks. The completion of the number of people to plan and work .To complete the configuration registration. Milestones Pass physical test Run 3 miles April 27, 2014 Run 6 miles May 11, 2014 Run 9 miles May 25, 2014 Finish practice half marathon under two and the half hours June 8, 2014 Limits and exclusions Training limited to Friday and Saturday. Do not bring any valuable items. Arrive at least half an hour earlier. No special drinks or alcohol drinks. Participants not feeling well are not allow to participate in the run. Risk Identification No technology can spec the health of runners. Management risk in the event. Main Risk Heavy rain Bad weather Accidents Risk Response Development Every participants must take part in training session. Over-distance training Important safety of the run Hydrating on the run Cost Estimation $29,950 Total fund raising estimation $600,000 Important to take note Complete opportunity assessment Complete environment assessment These benefits can only be achieved by high performance and completion of the project on time.

Reflections of a Culture Past Essay -- English Literature Essays

Reflections of a Culture Past The poem, Beowulf was supposedly written in the tenth century, but it was most likely told before then, orally, for centuries. There is little information about the author, on when Beowulf was first created or about the original version of the story before it was written. However the poem does, however, give us great insight into the cultural views and ideals of the Anglo-Saxon people who would have composed and told this tale. This includes their political, social and moral views. Beyond this, Beowulf gives us an even greater insight into this society of constant fight and war. Interwoven throughout almost every aspect of their culture and the poem are very strict moral codes and values. Those morals and values affect the ideals, beliefs and changes taking place in period. In the time of the Anglo-Saxons, men shared a common idea of heroic and traditional values that each person should follow. They admired men with outstanding courage and loyalty. Anglo-Saxon men achieved that by completing daring deeds, withstanding harsh conditions and by beating the odds. If a person showed such traits, despite where they came from, they were entitled with a great matter of respect. The traits that they valued were those of a hero. True heroes of the period had to maintain a balance between personal glory and maintaining the good of his people. However one didn’t become a hero just through great accomplishments. They also had to be exemplary individu...

Adult Influence in the Development of Self-awareness in Children Essay

An individual who has an awareness of who he/she is as a person are said to be happier than those who don’t. Having a strong sense of self enables us to make decisions about how we want to live our lives and pursue our dreams and ambitions. But how does one achieve self-awareness? Self-awareness is a life-long process, it is essentially being able to discover our individuality and come to terms with who we really are. The development of self-awareness is not a one-man show; rather our parents, teachers, peers and the media, constantly influence us. It is my belief that parents and teachers more than any other factor has the greatest influence in the development of our awareness. Thus, parents and teachers help and hinder the development of a child’s self-awareness. Parents and teachers provide the guidance and nurturing that children need to develop their sense of self. On the other hand they can also hinder the child’s quest for awareness if they insist that their child become what they could not be and to expect them to adopt their own worldviews. Read more:  Influences that affect children’s development essay An equal amount of guidance and rootedness will prove to be the best formula for a child to realize who they are as persons. Guiding children in their lives and nurturing their well-being can help children develop their sense of self. When parents and teachers guide children in the decisions they make in their lives it teaches children that they are persons of worth who can make their own decisions. Franeck said that if his parents did not push him to look for a job and live on his own, he might sill be living with his parents and would have become a failure. This shows us that young adults need to be prodded and to be challenged to take that step to live their own lives. Without this gentle prodding they might just stay in the dug-out indefinitely like the so called Importance of adults to a child’s growth to awareness Page#2 â€Å"boomerang kids† who are well-educated young adults and are living at home because they are broke and underemployed (Franeck, ). Teachers also guide children in their own way. They can help children realize who they want to be in the future. Success and achievement contributes to the child’s perception of who he/she is. When teachers tell their students that they are good at what they do, it builds their self-esteem and leads to increased awareness. Malcom X in his autobiography said that his teacher Mr. Ostrowski made him think about his future and what society had to offer him, which led to his awareness of his station in life and the desire to do something about it (The first major, ). Why do parents and teachers’ guidance and nurturance matter? Parents and teachers are the significant adults in every children’s lives thus, children see them as authority figures and what they say or do can leave lasting impressions in a child’s psyche and therefore affects the way he/she thinks of himself/herself. In contrast, when parents become too controlling and expect their children to espouse their own way of life and views without considering their child’s individuality they hinder the development of self-awareness. Likewise, when teachers become judgmental and do not treat his/her students the same way, then he/she hampers self-awareness. Controlling parents are those who impose their own value systems to their children and expect them to behave accordingly. This hampers the development of self-awareness because children are not able to think for themselves, they are not allowed to explore and deal with their individuality. Children become a reflection or a puppet of their parents and they cannot be expected to become mentally healthy and fully functioning individuals. Caroline Hwang (1998) had battled with the anguish of Importance of adults to a child’s growth to awareness Page#3 pleasing her parents and pursuing her dreams because she knew that her parents had sacrificed a lot for her and she was undoubtedly indebted to them, she knew she owed them the fulfillment of her parent’s dreams for her. As an adult, she still has not been able to establish her own identity, is not sure of her future and has not had a real intimate relationship. In the same way, Emilyn Lat’s (1991) experience also portrays how parents can impede a child’s growth of awareness. Lat had parents who did not want her to be Americanized, they dictated what she should and should not do with her social life. She grew alienated from her parents and looked to the government for help, but sadly was frustrated. Her parents threw her out because she refused to be turned into someone she did not want to be. Emilyn realized that society views children as an extension of their parents and not a separate person, thus her growing awareness of her self was painful and traumatic instead of having a healthy sense of awareness of who she is as a person. Teachers who are judgmental also encumber a child’s awareness of himself/herself. Teachers who do not treat their students equally especially if based on prejudice, perpetuate the culture of racial discrimination. To be able to have a sense of self, children should be able to believe in their selves their talents and abilities, when teachers tell them otherwise, it destroys them. Children come to think that they are not good enough, not smart enough to dream and aspire for something in the future. Consequently, when they grow up they become failures because they come to believe what their teachers told them. Then what are the best conditions for a child’s healthy sense of self-awareness? I believe that an equal amount of nurturing, guidance and cultural awareness would be the best provisions Importance of adults to a child’s growth to awareness Page#4 for self-awareness. Children who are guided by their parents, who are acknowledged and given the opportunity to explore their individuality, will grow to have a healthy sense of who they are. In the same way, when children know their roots and their cultural heritage they are more able to become who they want to be. If Emilyn had the same parents like Caroline’s and she had the same tenacity and courage of Emilyn, then both of them would have become the best of what they can be. It is without a doubt that significant adults play a major role in our lives and in developing our sense of self. Parents who are supportive and nurturing communicate the idea that the child is valuable and worthy of such treatment. Parents should be able to raise children by giving them love, the kind of love that helps them develop a positive self-concept and a sense of their worth. Teachers who are responsive to their students also tell children that they are persons who have the capability to achieve their dreams. It is important for each one of us to be able to develop a positive sense of self-awareness for it will help us better understand why we feel what we feel and behave as we behave. This understanding then gives us the opportunity and freedom to change and create the lives that we want. If we do not have the awareness or clarity of our being we will continue to get caught up in our internal dramas, irrational beliefs and negative perceptions of ourselves undermine the way we live our lives. The great Tao Tzu has this to say about self-awareness â€Å"Knowing others is wisdom, knowing yourself is enlightenment†. References Franek, Mark. Parent’s of twixters are at fault (publication details) Hwang, Caroline. The good daughter. Newsweek September 21, 1998 p16 Lat, Emelyn. Emancipated in American Families: Images and Issues (publication details) pp 244- 246 (year) Malcom X. The first major turning point in Emerging Voices: Readings in the American Experience (Publication details) pp 150-152 (year)

The lost art of typography essays

The lost art of typography essays Neil Postman's Amusing Ourselves to Death: Public Discourse in the Age of Show Business was published in 1985. The theories and concepts described in the book could easily apply to today's world. Postman goes to great detail in his book about the development of public discourse (verbal and written communication) over the centuries. He explains how the development and evolution of communication over mankind's history has changed at critical points. These critical points include the development of the alphabet, the development of the printing press, the development of the telegraph and the development of the television. Postman argues that American society in particular is in danger since it relies so much on television. Postman's book is divided into two parts. Part one documents the development of communication in Western civilization. The main course of his documentation is that the oral and printed methods of communication tend to be held in higher prestige because they take more "brain power" to learn and perfect. If a person wants to learn in an oral or printed communication based culture, he or she must learn the language, memorize customs, learn to read, learn to write, etc. Postman even goes so far to say that print communication controls your physical body as well that a person's body must remain at least semi-mobile in order to pay attention to what the words are trying to say. In chapter 4, Postman details how the development and success of the printed word in Western civilization created what he calls "The Typographic Mind", a mind set where a person from the 17th, 18th or 19th centuries could endure and pay attention to lengthy written tomes or lengthy speeches. Postman cites the 1858 U.S. presidential debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas. One debate lasted three hours while another in 1854 went seven. When I read this, I admit I was amazed. I had known that the debates were important for many reasons,...

Copernicus essays

Copernicus essays Instead of accepting the geocentric universe belief, he dared to ask why. Nicholas Copernicus, one of the extraordinary astronomers of his time, began a revolutionary way of thinking about the heavens. He established a heliocentric view to explain why things occur the way that they do. What we now know about the heavens is largely due to his advancements in astronomy. I plan to cover his discoveries, through all the trials and tribulations that he faced. Ultimately to show how he was indeed the one who dare stand tall and shake the heavens, something that had not been done quite so often. The main points I plan to cover are Copernicuss trial and error ideas that led him to reach his final answer. Then to show how he replaced early cosmology with his Copernican theory. Once his heliocentric model had been introduced, how it influenced later astrology as well. To further delve into the subject, Ill explain why his way of thinking made more sense of the heavens, its beauty, simplicity, and preciseness. As with all great minds that have radical new ideas, his views were refuted and ignored, which will also be a point of discussion. Only a few Copernicans existed after the original, Galileo and Kepler are some I will briefly mention as well. His ideas and beliefs not only explained what others couldnt; they made good physical sense too. It is one thing to explain something intricate and complex, and yet another to have it all make perfect sense, as if pieces had fallen together to form the entire puzzle. This is something he was trying to achieve, and made good strides towards it. He used observations and creative outside of the box thinking. Although, the time and place in which he grew up in welcomed new ideas, just not those that would go against earlier thinking. It was all these things combined that made him who he was and what he believed in. ...

International Business - Mongolia Research Paper - 1

International Business - Mongolia - Research Paper Example Such a similar scenario may be witnessed in the entire globe at the time of interwar period. Due to which, not only the financial institutions became collapsed but also a political unrest took place in the entire globe that hampered its growth to a significant extent. However, among many others, Mongolia is one of the noteworthy nations, whose political scenario is totally hindered due to the economic turmoil (Kasuya, 2003). This research essay is divided into three phrases mainly highlighting the impacts of interwar in various nations in the entire globe. Along with this, it also describes, the ways by which, the political situation of the nation of Mongolia became disturbed among others. Interwar period is recognized as the time frame within 1919 to 1939. It is time in which the World War I ended and the World War II began. Due to which, it is recognized as one of the vital time frame for the financial institutions as entre change-over is taking place. This is because, it is time, in which the banking institutions of various nations like France, Britain and Mongolia is trying to pull back huge amount of money from stock markets. This is mainly due to the downfall or crash of stock markets. As a result of which, the economic activities of the nation of Mongolia slowed down thereby declining the prosperity of the nation to a significant extent. Along with this, due to lack of financial help from the institutions, the idea of over production and future investment is stopped that hindered the economic progress of the nation of Mongolia to a certain extent. It is mainly due to the presence of economic turmoil or recession in the nation. In addition, due to recession numerous institutions became closed thereby terminating or huge amount of individual. As a result of which, the rate of unemployment and redundancy enhanced thereby declining the level of living standards and economic conditions of the citizens of Mongolia certainly. Moreover, the income

Financial Reporting Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Reporting - Research Paper Example e we need to distinguish between cash and profits, and to determine the usefulness of information provided in balance sheet and income statements in the problem of deciding whether a company, has or will be able to generate sufficient cash to finance its operations. Cash flow in a company leads to the following items; Cash from cash in cash out cash goes: Profits Losses Sale of fixed assets Purchase of fixed assets Decrease in stock increase in stock Decrease in debtors increase in debtors Capital introduced drawings Received loan Paid loans Increase in creditors Decrease in creditors Dividend received Dividend paid Interest received Interest paid In our case, profit from operations before interest and tax of 1654 has overstated profits. We need to deduct interest and tax to get the real value of profit after tax and interest. An increase in inventories reduces cash balance as well as increase in trade receivables. Depreciation is an expense charged on the asset. It does not affect cash balance in the firm. An increase in trade payables increases cash inflow. This gives a balance from operations of 1377. Interest paid and income tax paid reduces cash balance too. At the end of the day, net cash from operating activities is overstated by depreciation and profit before tax and interest. A company's performance are realistical and do not depend so much on profits earned in the period but on liquidity of cashflows International Accounting Standards 7 "provides information to users of financial statements about cashflows of a company. It provides information on ability of the company to generate cash and cash equivalents. It also indicated cash needs for the enterprise. The standards provides that cash...Depreciation is an expense charged on the asset. It does not affect cash balance in the firm. An increase in trade payables increases cash inflow. This gives a balance from operations of 1377. Interest paid and income tax paid reduces cash balance too. At the end of the day, net cash from operating activities is overstated by depreciation and profit before tax and interest. A company's performance are realistical and do not depend so much on profits earned in the period but on liquidity of cashflows International Accounting Standards 7 "provides information to users of financial statements about cashflows of a company. It provides information on ability of the company to generate cash and cash equivalents. It also indicated cash needs for the enterprise. The standards provides that cash needs for the activities, investing activities and financing activities" These are accounts of two companies that are combined into one account. This happens when one firm acquires one or more other companies. This is mainly for a business combination a company acquires control of one or more enterprises. They combine into one entity as a whole therefore profit and loss accounts are combined into one. This is where o

Directors responsibility Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Directors responsibility - Coursework Example Another notable aspect is that the board acts as the epicentre of the organization and it links the investors and the individuals responsible for implementing the policies that make their respective organizations tick as well as ensuring accountability. Thus, corporate governance in this case refers to â€Å"rigorous supervision of the management of a company; it means ensuring that business is done competently, with integrity and with due regard for the interests of all stakeholders,† (Institute of Directors, 2014). Simply put, the Institute of Directors (2014) also posits to the effect that corporate governance relates to a combination of the following factors: legislation, non-legislative codes, self-regulation and best practice, structure, culture, and board competency. The operations of various organizations especially in the UK are guided by the legal framework obtaining in that particular country. Such laws are designed to protect the interests of different stakeholders with an interest in a business entity. McGregor (2000) aptly suggests that that corporate governance is practiced at different levels and the law is specifically designed to protect the interests of all the stakeholders involved. Duplessis (1999) concurs with this assertion when he states that the law overrides all individual interests. In as far as Company law is concerned in UK, it can be seen that the board of AstraZeneca acted in accordance to the laws. According to Company Law Solutions Limited (n.d), â€Å"the directors have such powers as are conferred on them by the articles of the company which are especially based on the Model Articles (companies registered post 1.10.2009.† This is promulgated by the Company’s Act 2006 which further stipulates that â€Å" the business of the company shall be managed by the directors who may exercise all the powers of the company....†

Kudler Fine Foods Frequent Shopper Program Essay Example for Free

Kudler Fine Foods Frequent Shopper Program Essay Kudler Fine Foods is a local and upscale specialty food store with a total of four stores in La Jolla, Del Mar, and Encinitas California with their main base store in San Diego, California. Each store maintains and sells high quality bakery, pastries, fresh produce, meat, seafood, specialty condiments, packaged foods, cheeses, and dairy products. Kathy Kudler owner and founder of Kudler Fine Foods is looking to expand her company and market her products to new prospective clients, along with improving her services to her current clientele. Since the opening day of Kudler Fine Foods in June 1998 the business has become sustainable and profitable. Ten years later Kathy wants to implement a frequent shoppers program not only to reward her current loyal customer base but also to draw in new clientele. Installing a business system for this initiative would allow Kudler the ability to track purchasing patterns of individual customers. This would give the company a better understanding of what products are sellers and what products do not move or sell as fast. Alternatively this would give customers the opportunity to receive points from their past purchases geared toward rewards products. According to the Kudler’s sales and marketing departments research this type of system will increase revenue and cost reduction for Kudler. Kudler identifies that knowing exactly what the customers purchasing habits, supply needs, and preferences are would enable Kudler to purchase only what will be sold. Therefore, it will stop Kudler from stocking on items that do not sell and are not attractive to the customer. Kudler has different types of options on how they could advertise the new shoppers program. Because these types of programs are commonplace within any market, Kudler needs to devel op a complete database system, with including current and former customers. This database is used specifically for advertising of the new program and data collection of sales. Kudler would need to update or create a new website to add this new program and help customers understand the benefits of registering for the program. Legally Kudler needs to stay within the boundaries set up for E-commerce. The rules for online business and e-mail advertisement are very far-reaching some of which include an opt-out link that allows any consumer to stop receiving e-mail advertisements. This must be easily viewable and verifiable to the recipient for online spam advertisement. Electronic contracts are legal and binding along with electronic signatures, these forms of agreements must have legal disclaimers visible for the customer to read. These are just a few of many other legal ramifications that Kudler would need to investigate and consider before moving forward. Ethical considerations are also vital to both the customers and Kudler Fine Foods when implementing the shoppers program. Any customers who register with Kudler’s shoppers program understand that all personal information given to Kudler will not be given or sold to another company without the express approval of the customer. Kudler has to take into consideration that registration online has to be implemented with the highest security software on the market. Protection of sensitive data is vital to the success of any online purchases or programs. Pornographic material and anything refereeing to pornography is prohibited by law. Breaches of contractual agreements are also considered unethical. Therefore, Kudler must have strict policy and procedures in place to alleviate any of the above issues. This would keep Kudler ethically stable and help with any other issues that will come into light. The main understanding that Kudler Fine Foods would have to embrace is that the company is fully responsible for what is placed on their website and also what they are offering to their customers as an incentive. Kudler Fine Foods has to identify within the scope of this project the development of the frequent shoppers program specific security measures. The main initiative is to secure private data and deter any unauthorized access. The main and formidable issue here is that the Frequent Shoppers Program will enable Kudler Fine Foods to still make a profit. The return on the investment with this new program has to exceed its monetary cost factor to stay viable. The stores have to identify other cost saving measures for this program to stay solvent for years to come. Keeping up to day records in a management system will also help save time and money while understanding where money is spent and where it is saved. Investing in the Shoppers program will take considerable money to start with. The long-term gain if managed properly can make Kudler Foods more lucrative in the future. Managing the marketing and advertising expenses must be a number one priority along with investing in upgrades of the website and possible market research. Concluding this program will rely on reports regarding expenditures, which should be collected over a period several prior years. This will give Kudler a baseline for future gains or losses. This will also let Kudler Fine Foods see if the program is profitable from each succeeding year. Gains and losses, extreme scrutiny and constant tweaking of the program its website and security infrastructure will have to be made in order for this program to be a success. Reference Apollo Group, I. (2007, 2010, 2011). Kudler Fine Foods. Retrieved November 26, 2012, from Sales and Marketing: https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/secure/aapd/cist/vop/Business/Kudler2/intranet/marketing-overview.asp

Napoleon Essay -- European History Military Generals Essays

Napoleon â€Å"I live only for posterity, death is nothing, but to live without glory is to die every day† (Lefebvre 43). Napoleon was driven by his desire for glory and ambition and his ascension was tremendous. Born in Corsica, his family moved to France, in Marseilles, when he was only a child. From the state of a â€Å"lieutenant,† at the age of sixteen, to the one of emperor in 1804, till reigning over the European continent after his conquest of Prussia, his ascension was not only due to the events that occurred during his life, but was also due to his ambition and his tremendous genius. His genius was both military and political. Napoleon was a military genius because of his career rapidity. He went to the School of Officers in Paris. At the age of sixteen he was already a lieutenant. At Toulon, this battle enabled him to climb quickly the echelons in the military. As Chandler states, Napoleon gave military orders to produce a large number of guns. These guns and mortars provided Napoleon the possibility to attack the different forts situated in places that were overlooking the harbor. Because of this production, Napoleon was able to produce enough guns to attack the place without having a great loss in his army. Horne declared the recapture of the port became possible because the previous attacks enabled Napoleon to place a number of guns and mortars in good position to fire the British fleet commanded by Hood (17). By the success of his capture, the British fleet left the harbor and Napoleon gained great recognition by the military and was soon after promoted to the rank of â€Å"gà ©neral de brigade.† Napoleon’s military genius is perceived through the new division of the army. Gates state... ..., Georges. â€Å"A Romantic Tempered by Realpolitik.† Kafker & Laux. Napoleon and his Times: Selected Interpretations. Malabar Florida: Robert E. Krieger Pub. Co., 1989. Napoleonic Europe 1812. Map. Atlas of European History. By Bartholomew, Edinburgh. New York: HarperCollins, 1994. 148-49 Rothenberg, Gunther. â€Å"Military Affairs.† Kafker & Laux. Napoleon and his Times: Selected Interpretations. Malabar, Florida: Robert E. Krieger Pub. Co., 1989. Rowe, Michael. â€Å"Debate: Napoleon and the Post-Revolutionary Management of Sovereignty.† Modern and Contemporary France 8.4 (2000): 510-13. Academic Search Premiere. EBSCO. Roesch Library, Dayton. 04 Nov. 2002 Vandal, Albert. â€Å"The Restoration of Order and National Unity.† Kafker & Laux. Napoleon and his Times: Selected Interpretations. Malabar Florida: Robert E. Krieger Pub. Co., 1989.

Automotive industry Essay

Maruti Suzuki India Limited generally famous as Maruti is an ancillary company of the Japanese automaker Suzuki Motor Corporation. It has a market share of 44.9% of the Indian passenger car market as of March 2011. Maruti 800 and Alto are their entry level cars. Ritz, A-Star, Swift, Wagon-R, Estilo are their hatch back models. DZire & SX4 are Maruti’s Sedan class models. Eeco and Ertiga are Maruti’s C segment class. Grand Vitara is their Sports Utility Vehicle which is directly imported from Japan. Maruti is the 1st company in India to turn out and sell more than a million cars. Maruti Udyog Limited is renamed as Maruti Suzuki India Ltd on 17th September 2007. Maruti companies head quarter is in Nelson Mandela Road, New  Delhi. The company was customary in 1989; however the actual production commenced in 1983 with their Maruti 800. Till 2004 Maruti 800 was the India’s largest selling packed in car ever, since it was launched in 1983. More than a million units of this car have been sold worldwide so far. Maruti imports diesel engines for all their diesel cars from Fiat motors. Maruti’s manufacturing plants are located at two amenities Gurgoan and Manesar south of Delhi. Gurgoan plants installed capacity is of 9, 00,000 units per annum and Manesar plant with a capacity of 5, 00,000 units per year and a diesel plant with an annual capacity of 1, 00,000 engines and transmissions. Maruti has 933 dealerships crossways 666 towns and cities in all states and union territories of India with 2,946 service stations (inclusive of dealer workshops and Maruti Authorised Service Stations) in 1,395 towns and cities all over India. It has 30 Express Service Stations on 30 National Highways across 1,314 cities in India. Service is a major source of proceeds to the company. Most of the service stations help many stranded vehicles on the highways by sending across their repair man to the vehicle. 1.2 Definition Of Marketing According to American Marketing Association (AMA) Board of Directors, Marketing is the activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value of customers, clients, partners, and society at large. Dr. Philip Kotler defines, marketing as â€Å"the science and art of exploring, creating, and delivering value to satisfy the needs of a target market at a profit. Marketing identifies unfulfilled needs and desires. It defines measures and quantifies the size of the identified market and the profit potential. It pinpoints which segments the company is capable of serving best and it designs and promotes the appropriate products and services†. 1.3 Customer Perceived Value Customer Perceived Value (CPV) is the distinction between the prospective customer’s evaluation of all the benefits and all the costs of an offering and the perceived alternatives. 1.3.1 Customer Perceived Value of Maruti Suzuki with reference to Holbrook Model Typology of Customer Value Holbrook (1994 p. 27) asserted â€Å"Value is an interactive relativistic preference experience†. Based on this Holbrook proposed a typology of consumer value having three different dimensions: Extrinsic/Intrinsic: The consumer perceives value in using or owning a product or services as a means to and end versus an end in itself. Self-oriented/Other-oriented: The consumer perceives value for the consumer’s own benefit as against the benefit of others. Active/Reactive: The customer perceives value through direct use of an object as against apprehending, appreciating or responding to an object. These three dimensions give rise to eight types of customer value Extrinsic Intrinsic Self-oriented Active Efficiency Play Reactive Excellence Aesthetics Other-oriented Active Status Ethics Reactive Esteem Spirituality Thus for a company like Maruti it would be very apt to use this model considering that the products that Maruti Suzuki has to offer fits in quite easily in different dimensions as presented in the typology. 1.3.2 Customer Perceived Value of Maruti Suzuki with reference to Monroe Model Monroe (1990, p. 46) observes, â€Å"Buyers perceptions of value represent a trade-off between the quality or benefits they perceive in the product relative to the sacrifice they perceived by paying the price† Monroe has expressed the concept of customer perceived value as the ratio between perceived benefits and perceived sacrifice: Customer Perceived Value= Perceived Benefits ________________ Perceived Sacrifice According to Monroe perceived benefits has a positive influence on consumers’ perception of product value at first, and later on it may influence consumers’ purchase intentions. In contrast, perceived sacrifice first has a negative influence on consumers’ perception of product value, and later on it may influence consumers’ purchase intentions. Perceived Benefits Here the benefits include customers’ desired value, e.g., quality (Monroe, 1990). Sacrifices, on the other hand, include monetary (price) (Dodds, et al., 1991) and non-monetary (time, effort) (Cronin, et al., 2000) considerations. Therefore, value includes three key factors: (1) quality, (2) price, and (3) convenience (Lemon, et al., 2001), where convenience is the time and effort expended by the customers (Cronin, et al., 2000) In context to Maruti, the customer’s desired value is the quality of the car and services rendered there off. Whereas the sacrifices include the price of the car, maintenance cost, etc. 1.3.3 Customer Perceived Value of Maruti with reference to Woodruff’s Model A Value-Hierarchy Model Woodruff (1997) proposed that â€Å"Customer value is a customer’s perceived preference for and evaluation of those product attributes, attribute performances and consequences arising from use that facilities achieving the customer goals and purposes in use situations.† (p146) Accordingly the customer value hierarchy suggests that customers conceive of desired value in a means-end way. Basically it can be known as a system to run businesses throughout the country by understanding customer’s goal and satisfaction over it (Lister, n.d.) Desired Customer Customer Satisfaction Value with Received Value Customer’s Goals and Purposes Desired Consequences in Use Situations Desired Product Attributes and Attribute Preferences Starting at the bottom of the hierarchy, customers start to think about products as bundles of specific attributes and attribute performances. While purchasing and using a product they form desire or preferences for a certain attribute based on their ability to facilitate achieving desired consequence experiences. Looking down the hierarchy from the top, customers use goals and preferences to attach importance to consequences. Also the customer’s use situation plays a critical role in evaluation as well as in desires. Maruti Suzuki, being an automobile manufacturing company faces a lot of competition. Thus such a model would be very essential for their company. 1.3.4 Consumer perceived value of Maruti with reference to Zeithaml Model Means-End Model An adaptation of a model first proposed by Dodds and Monroe (1985), Zeithaml with her study in 1988 about price, quality and value towards consumers defined this into the concept of Means-End model. (Source: Means-End Model, Zeithaml, 1988) 2. Value Proposition Definition of ‘Value Proposition’ A business or marketing speech that summarizes why a customer should buy an item for consumption or use a service. This statement should prove a potential buyer that one meticulous product or service will add more value or better solve a problem than other like offerings. Companies use this statement to target customers who will benefit most from using the company’s products, and this helps maintain an economic moat. The ideal value proposition is concise and appeals to the customer’s strongest decision-making drivers. Companies pay a high price when customers lose slight of the company’s value proposition. 2.1 Value Proposition of Maruti Suzuki ‘Way of Life’ is the Value Proposition of Maruti Suzuki. As India is a country where comfort is vital while travelling, Maruti has always been the first option. As mileage is a big criterion with cars for Indians, Suzuki proves to be better than quite a few other names in cars as its vehicles have a higher mileage; for example Swift gives 22km/ltr while if you compare a Honda City gives around 12-13 km/litre. 2.2 Mission & Vision of Maruti Suzuki The Company Mission To make available a wide range of modern, high quality fuel efficient vehicles in order to meet the need of different customers, both in domestic and export markets. The Company Vision We must be an internationally competitive company in terms of our products and services. We must retain our leadership in India and should also aspire to be among the global players. Their focus is on: Building a continuously improving organization adaptable to quick changes Providing value and satisfaction to the customer Aligning and fully involving all our employees, suppliers and dealers to face competition Maximising Shareholder’s value 2.3 Target Market Definition of target market: A specific group of consumers at which a company aims its products and services. Maruti Suzuki has adopted a focused approach and wisely created segments within a large market to promote their cars. Lower Income Group- Maruti 800, Alto  Middle Income Group- Wagon-R, Swift, Swift DZire, Ritz High Income Group- Maruti Suzuki Kizashi, Suzuki Grand Vitara Suzuki Grand Vitara would obviously have no takers amongst the lower income group. 2.4 Market Attractiveness Market attractiveness is a term that describes the profit possibilities available in a given market or industry. The more attractive a market is, the higher the potential profits. Companies in the process of considering entires into new industries or markets conduct a number of analyses to determine whether or not such a move would be good for the business. One such analysis is a market attractiveness analysis, conducted to find out if entering a particular market or industry would be profitable and how much the company could potentially earn. The automobile industry is a huge and diversified market. It can be divided into different segments each satisfying different needs of the customers. These different segments can be classified as: SUV’s, Sedans, Hatchbacks, C segments etc. This gives an automobile company ample amount of opportunities. Maruti Suzuki  is prevalent in all of these segments and is considered as one of the premium brands in all of these segments. In this very market other than the different segments of automobiles also is the service rendered by the company to the customers. Thus the market is as attractive as one would hope for giving Maruti Suzuki a chance to make the most of it.